An article in today’s USA TODAY reports the growing number of head and brain injuries suffered by young athletes due, at least in part, to metal baseball bats. Take the examples of two families, the Sandbergs and the Schlesners:

They’ve each had a son on the verge of dying after being struck on the head by a batted ball and suffering a skull fracture that required emergency surgery. Gunnar Sandberg, 16, was in a coma for three weeks; Cole Schlesner, 15, spent four days in a coma and remained in a hospital for another six weeks.

[The families] both want to see improved safety measures in the youth game — Sandberg a return to wood-only bats, Schlesner the use of helmets by pitchers…. (from USA Today article)

Basically, they are for any change that will make the game safer for kids. Who can blame them? No one expects that a high school baseball game could end in a catastrophic, life-changing injury.

Although there are no hard data linking metal bats to an increase in injuries, there are plenty of anecdotes. Plus, bat manufacturers are quick to try to sell metal bats based on superior performance, but seem to back off when it comes to injury. They say that “exit speeds” off metal bats are only about 6 mph greater than those for wooden bats. On the other hand, those concerned with safety argue that:

• Metal bats have a “trampoline effect,” the result of the bat compressing and bouncing back when hit by a baseball. Wood bats don’t compress as much because they’re not hollow.
• Some metal-bat barrels are as much as half-an-inch wider in diameter than wood, increasing the size of their “sweet spot.”
• Metal bats are lighter and have more of their weight on the handle, which makes them easier to swing faster.
• In unregulated travel-team tournaments, such as the one where [Cole Schlesner] got hurt, there are no restrictions on bat performance. Before the 2001 season, the National Federation of State High School Associations required high schoolers swing bats in which the differential in weight (in ounces) and length (in inches) is no greater than 3. The previous standard allowed a differential of 5, meaning players could swing bats (such as the popular 34-inch, 29-ounce model) that provided ample plate coverage without sacrificing bat speed. (from USA Today article)

Cole Schlesner’s life was forever changed. he was taken to hospital by helicopter, had surgery to remove part of his skull, and spent time in a coma.

“When he awoke from his coma, he could not talk or walk and his right side was paralyzed. Despite up to nine hours a week of outpatient rehabilitation, he has difficulty walking and lacks full use of his right side. His cognitive development has improved to where he can function in school with some accommodations, but recently he has lost the ability to articulate some syllables and words. His father estimates the cost of his care so far at between $750,000 and $1 million, with 80% to 90% covered by insurance.” (USA Today)

Next Steps

North Dakota has banned metal bats, but other states are considering similar measures. A few individual baseball leagues have made the switch to wooden bats, but not many. There are some research studies being conducted–one at the bioengineering lab at Brown University–to objectively examine whether metal bats are significantly different from wooden bats in terms of their ability to cause catastrophic injuries.

These studies may not fully answer the questions though: researcher Dan Russell, associate professor of applied physics at Kettering University, admits that some of his work has been funded by bat manufacturers. There will, no doubt, be cause for skepticism if his studies show that metal bats are no more dangerous than wooden bats.

In the long run, money may end up helping to change safety regulations. When a larger percentage of metal bat profits have to go to pay the costs of injured children, the manufacturers may decide to take safety seriously. (Last year, manufacturer Hillerich & Bradsby was order by a Montana court to pay $850,000 to the family of a teen player killed by a line drive off a metal bat.)

Meanwhile, we like the advice of Cole Schlesner’s father, who “advocates youth pitchers using helmets, as his three other sons do now.” (USA TODAY)

USA Today article: “As Injuries Mount, Debate Over Metal Baseball Bats Continues”

Finally, finally, finally!  Professional locker rooms across the country will be undergoing minor redecoration, with players’ health in mind.

The National Football League (NFL) has released its official, new poster, which clearly lists symptoms of concussion and potential long-term effects. In one section, the poster says that traumatic brain injury (TBI) can lead to “…problems with memory and communication, personality changes, as well as depression and the early onset of dementia.”  This is the most honest and blunt statement of the hazards of football by the NFL since, well…ever.

According to an article in the New York Times, players welcome the posters:

“That poster is shocking,” said Domonique Foxworth, a cornerback for the Baltimore Ravens. “It gives people facts before they take risks. But it’s not exactly a new revelation.”

Matt Birk, the Ravens’ center, said: “To put it out there in writing in locker rooms, at least it’s publicly acknowledging that, ‘Hey, this is real.’ There’s risks in everything you do, and this one is real. You can’t sweep it under the rug anymore.”

On the poster (which may or may not be different from what is said on the field), players are told that “playing through” a concussion could cause permanent brain damage. The advice is to report symptoms, get checked out by medical staff, and then take time to recover.

Although this is a great and long over-due first step, the New York Times reports that a lawyer for the NFL wrote a memo discrediting connections between football head trauma and long-term cognitive decline. The article continues:

The letter, obtained by The New York Times, explained, “We can point to the current state of uncertainty in scientific and medical understanding” on the subject to deny players’ claims that their neurological impairments are related to football.

Sadly, that adds credence to the football league’s “chew ‘em up and spit ‘em out” reputation when it comes to players’ health. The problem is that if a player wrecks his knee, he loses his job…but if he wrecks his brain, he could lose his memory, his family, his entire sense of self. We’re glad to see that the posters provide solid medical information. Maybe, eventually, the message will sink in. The next step is to make sure players are respected for taking it slow after concussion.

To read the full New York Times story, click here: NFL Concussion Poster

In a report by News 14 Carolina, tiny Colfax, North Carolina (located about halfway between Winston-Salem and Greensboro) is home to a special program that pairs horses with people who have suffered brain injury.

The non-profit Horsepower Therapeutic Learning Center calls on different aspects of horsemanship to develop athleticism, memory, balance, and speech among people who lost some of that function.

“There’s three different stations,” said Jan Clifford, executive director and founder of Horsepower, Inc. “They’re working on the farrier, who provides the footwear for the horses. They have a riding segment where they actually ride the horses and work on balance and speech. Then they have a section where they go in and work on memory and recall, working on different things that horses and equestrian activities do.” (from the News14 story)

The news piece tells the story of Brandy Gilliam who was hit by a car 11 years ago. She spent 3 months in a coma, and another year in the hospital. She has participated in the Horsepower program for three years, and has experienced significant improvements in her posture, walking, and speaking abilities.

This amazing program provides help to more than 250 people every year. There is no cost to the participants, thanks to a grant from the Winston-Salem Foundation.

To read or watch the full news story, click here: News14 Carolina.

To read more about Horsepower, visit their website here: www.horsepower.org

For more information about the Winston-Salem Foundation, click here: Winston-Salem Foundation

And if you have legal questions about traumatic brain injury, visit our website here: HensonFuerst Law (www.lawmed.com)

SUMMER SAFETY CHECKLIST

Now that the Fourth of July weekend is upon us, many families will be spending every spare minute around the pool or at the beach. Most of us have fond memories of those “Hey, watch me dive” days from our childhood. I remember one summer when my cousin slipped while running around the edge of the pool and split his lip on the concrete… and another year when my teenage friend nearly drowned after body surfing in the dark.

In hindsight, it is obvious that we were all pretty lucky that our injuries weren’t worse than that. Those memories just as easily could have been tragic. Head and neck injuries can result in brain injury, paralysis, coma, or death.

Today’s summer advice is about water safety, so that our kids have fond summer memories, too.

Ocean Play

According to Hoag Hospital’s Project Wipeout, most injuries in the ocean are caused by the powerful surge and pull of waves. Serious injuries can occur in a number of ways:

“When your body tumbles in the waves, gets thrown by the waves to the ocean floor or when your head spears into the sand; your head can be forced down onto your shoulders, pushed forward into your chest or pushed backward further than it can naturally extend. And once spinal cord damage is sustained, little can be done to medically repair it. The result is severe pain, paralysis, the inability to breathe on your own or even death.” (Project Wipeout)

• Don’t jump off piers or jetties.
• Don’t enter the ocean alone.
• When body-boarding, hold the board so it extends past your head–if  a board is held closer, a wave can flip the board backward toward the head and neck.
• Make sure you know where sandbars are before riding surf.
• Don’t enter the ocean drunk.

Swimming Pool Play

According to LiveStrong.com, supervision at the pool is the number-one safety rule:

“One-on-one adult supervision is recommended for children. If supervising a child, you are too far away if you are unable to reach the child with an outstretched arm. Young children under 7 and non-swimmers should wear a PFD, personal flotation device, when in water at or above chest height. Flotation toys are not intended to prevent drowning. Implement the buddy system for everyone. Good swimmers and adults alike should never swim alone.” (LiveStrong.com)

Diving

• Don’t dive in less than 9 feet of water. A good rule of thumb is if there is no diving board, diving is not allowed. That means no diving into the shallow end of a pool, or into an above-ground pool.
• If you can’t see the bottom, don’t dive. You never know when there might be submerged items in your dive path.
• Don’t dive into unfamiliar waters…even if others are diving.
• Get training before doing back dives or fancy dives, or diving from diving blocks.
• Don’t try to dive through or over objects.
• Never dive from pool structures, such as slides or ladders… or from retaining walls, rooftops, balconies, or fences.
• Don’t dive drunk or under the influence of drugs.
• Don’t dive alone.

Sliding

• Don’t let anyone slide head-first…even adults.
• One slider on the slide at a time.
• Slide only if the water in the landing area is free of objects or other people.
• The landing area in front of a slide should have a minimum depth of 5 feet.

To read our other Summer Safety Tips…

Tip #1: Heat Illness.

Tip #2: Summer Auto Wrecks.

Tip #3: Medications that Don’t Mix with Heat.

RESOURCES

Lifesaving Resources, Inc. Spinal Injuries in the Aquatic Environment; Part 1: Prevention. (Gerald M. Dworkin, reprinted from 1987 Parks & Recreation. (http://www.lifesaving.com)

Hoag Hospital’s Project Wipeout. A nonprofit hospital’s program to save lives and prevent injuries at the beach. (http://www.hoaghospital.org/ProjectWipeout/AboutProjectWipeout.html)

Christopher & Dana Reeve Foundation’s Summer Safety Checklist. (http://www.christopherreeve.org/site/c.mtKZKgMWKwG/b.5283099/k.6B65/Summer_Safety_Checklist.htm)

LiveStrong.com. ( http://www.livestrong.com/article/124389-private-swimming-pool-safety/#ixzz0sTuyKsvE)